Stapling stitching connection material refers to a variety of materials that will be loosely booked and bound, stitched, or locked into a booklet. The type, performance, and quality of the staple materials used for binding are the key to the firmness and smoothness of the connection between books and periodicals. Understanding the knowledge of stapling materials helps to improve the quality of binding.
First, the line connection material
The use of lines to connect books has been in our country for centuries. As early as the middle of the Ming dynasty in the 14th century, there was an old-line bound book that was bound with a thread. Thread binding is divided into various types, such as sewing thread binding, sewing sewing, three-eye thread binding, and ancient thread binding.
The line is made using a certain spinning method. The short fibers such as cotton, silk, and hemp are made into a single yarn by a spinning process, and several yarns are combined into a yarn called a yarn. The strength of single strands is often not enough, and two or more single strands will be added together to reinforce strands. After spinning, if necessary, it should be immersed in the starch liquid to make it stiff, smooth and non-crimp, which is convenient for processing. Lines are divided into various types due to the different textures of raw materials, such as cotton, silk, twine, and chemical fiber. China's traditional binding uses cotton and silk yarns. In recent years, due to the development of the chemical fiber industry, binding lines increasingly use high-strength, high-performance chemical fiber yarns.
l. Cotton and its use. Cotton is a cotton fiber spun yarn. Cotton is divided into two types, light and non-glazed. Its packaging includes straight shaft type and tower shaft type. There are many types of wire for binding, according to national industry standards (Y/T27-1999), there are four specifications: 4 yarns for 42 yarns, 6 yarns for 42 yarns, 4 yarns for 60 yarns and 6 yarns for 60 yarns. The white wax tower line type is S424, S426, S604, S606, and can also be referred to as 42S/4, 42S/6, 60S/4, 60S/6, where S represents the yarn branch, and the diagonal line represents the number Number of shares.
When stapling, according to the thickness of the book, the number of folds of the signature, and the difference in paper quality, different strength cotton threads should be used. If the book is thick or the number of copies of the book is large and the paper quality is good, then the thread with high strength (or more yarns and more strands) should be used. On the contrary, the thread with lower strength can be used, but the range cannot exceed the standard. Line specifications. The selection of the line should also be treated differently according to the binding form and processing method to achieve the good effect of sewing the book.
1 Select with a line when sewing. Locks up to 52 grams of trifold pages or 40 grams and below of four-fold pages of letterpress, news, and dictionaries. You can use 42 yarns of 4 or 6 strands; locks of 60 grams or more, and coated paper. , Three-fold signatures or 52-gram letterpress, newsprint four-fold page signatures can use 60 yarns 4 or 6 strands. Only in this way can the bookbinding be firmly secured and the quality of the book can be guaranteed. At present, in order to save the provincial line, some units and regions use all 42 strands of yarn and 3 strands as the main connection line when the line is locked. This does not meet the requirements.
2 The number of stitches and stitch length required for sewing. The national standard (Y/T27-1999) requires the following (see Table 1).
Table 1 Needle stitches and stitch distance requirements
Open up and down needle position and upper and lower incision distance (mm) Needle number needle group ≥ 8 20~25 8~14 4~7
16 20~25 6~10 3~5
32 15~20 4~8 2~4
≤64 10~15 4~6 2~3
In addition to the needle distance shown in Table 1, other needles are evenly divided.
3 manual lock line. Manually lock the line in accordance with the standard stitch number, use double stitches. There is a kind of line in the manual lock line which is a thicker cotton thread line, which is made by twisting a plurality of strands. The diameter of the thread is l-1.5mm, and it is mainly used for supporting the manual hanging line. At present, most of China's bookbinding sewing lines are machined with a sewing machine, but there are also a considerable number of manual operations, especially special ones, because there are no sewing equipment.
2. Silk and its use. The thread is a thread spun from silk. Silk thread is the earliest book staple material used in our country's history. In the 14th century, the earliest thread-bound book in the binding history of China was silk thread. The original color of the thread is the same as that of the paper, and the texture is soft, strong, smooth, and durable. The books locked with silk thread are flat and low-abrupt but the price of the thread is high and the flexibility is high. Some high-grade hardcover albums or ancient lines are used.
3. Synthetic fiber lines and their use. Synthetic fiber line is a kind of polymer melted under high temperature and high pressure, through the very fine diameter nozzle to discharge the flow filament. After solidification, the fibers are processed and then spun into threads. The synthetic fiber made of high-strength thread (more than double the cotton line), can use a very fine line of stitching signatures without breaking, has a good solidity, and wireless connector, not in the lock line Plugging caused by wire breakage and shutdown, but also because the back of the book after the lock is not high mutation, and the price is relatively cheap. The disadvantage is that the elasticity of the thread is relatively large, if the thread is too tight (especially if the thread is manually locked), shrinking the signature will affect the book binding quality, so the polyester thread is generally preferred because of the elasticity of the polyester thread. Smaller and easier to master.
According to the specific conditions of the binding thread, as well as the properties and characteristics of the cotton thread and synthetic fiber, the two are blended together. It can combine the high strength of synthetic fibers with the flexibility of plant fibers, making the wire more suitable for binding.
4. Hot-melt line. Hot-melt lines are a type of binding material used to warm a polymer to a certain degree to melt it and bond it to paper. Hot-melt lines consist of two different materials, one is rayon that does not melt at a certain temperature. The other is a material such as polypropylene or polypropylene that can be melted by heating and bonded to paper.
Hot-melt lines are mainly used for hot-stamping plastic lines. During processing, on the last crease line of the signature, the hot-melt line is pressed through the puncture hole to press a foot on the hotline, and then the other foot is glued and hot-stitched after the cover is coated. Stick it in the back of the book. The signature of the hot melt connection was imported from Germany in 1977, but it has not been popularized due to the reason of hot-stitching. If this kind of process technology can be popularized, it can save a large amount of manpower and material resources by using a sewing thread set and a wire binding instead of fine and paperback books.
5, plastic line. The plastic line is a 1-1.5mm diameter polyvinyl chloride wire connection material for plastic thread binding.
Binding of plastic thread is to trim the back of the book block into a number of grooves, and after the adhesive is applied, the plastic wire is buried in the groove. After the cover is covered, the back is heated to melt the plastic wire and the posts are glued into a booklet. A processing method. This method is generally manual operation and is used instead of gluing and stitching. When binding, the diameter of the plastic wire is the same as the width and depth of the sawed groove. The wire should be buried flat in the groove, and the back surface of the book cannot be protruded.
Second, wire connection material
Many types of wire, such as iron wire, copper wire, steel wire and so on. The wires that bind the signatures are mainly iron wires. The use of wire-bound books is easy to process, fast, and aesthetically pleasing. It is the main linking material for processing saddle stitching and partial paperback books in China.
The wire is a kind of wire made by pulling low-carbon steel: the hot low-carbon steel billet is rolled into a strip with a diameter of 5mm, and then put into a wire shape in the drawing device, and the diameter of the wire drawing disk is gradually reduced. The cooling, annealing, coating and other processing, made of various types and diameters of wire. The wire used for binding is in the form of a disc. The diameter of the tape is generally about 160mm, and the diameter of the small disk is generally 100mm.
Whether the quality of iron wire is good or bad and whether it is selected properly affects the quality of book processing, such as the firmness of the book, so the following points should be noted when using it:
1 It is better to use the large market for the binding because the large package has a large diameter and a small curvature, which is convenient for making the order. The small package has a small diameter and a large curvature. It has a certain influence on the processing of the verticality before the booklet is formed. It is not appropriate to set the wire. The use of book machines has made it difficult for them to place books and other problems.
2 The quality requirements of the wire should be: thickness (line diameter) consistent, smooth surface, glossy, no burr, rust, bending is not straight, good strength, hardness, and a certain degree of flexibility.
(3) When the hardness of iron wire is too large and the surface has burrs, the method of oil removal and oil removal can be used to solve the problem, so that the smoothness of the surface of the wire is increased, so as to avoid failure and affecting the production.
4 The wire should be stored with care. Store it in a dry place. When the room is wet or in continuous rain, use talcum powder, dry powder, etc., to prevent rust from being wasted.
5 The binding wire specification, national standard (Y/T 29-1999) specifies the following index: “Use wire diameter 0.50 to 0.71mmâ€. How to use in actual operation please refer to Table 2.
Table 2 Selection of binding wire specifications
The number of pages of this book is less than 40 pages 41~80 pages 80~120 pages of wire diameter 0.50~0.55mm 0.55~0.60mm 0.60~0.70mm
The above table is based on 52 grams of paper. If the weight of the paper increases or decreases, it is necessary to press the paper again and increase or decrease the diameter appropriately. (Note: 0.50mm=25#; 0.55mm=24#; 0.60mm=23#; 0.70mm=22#)
Third, metal wire connection material
Metal wire rings are made of different metals with different wire diameters and have a certain type of tension spring-like rings, which are generally used to connect calendars or leaflets.
1. Connect the calendar and the book with a wire ring. There are two kinds of wire rings used to connect (set) the calendar and this book: one is to wind the wire into a cylindrical spring shape; the other is to make the wire in advance by using a coiling device to directly press it. Strip shape. These two types of wire rings are mostly made of iron wire, and a few are steel wires, and the wire diameter is generally about 0.60 mm.
In order to ensure that the book or calendar looks beautiful and prevents rust, the metal wire can be further spray-painted on the surface. The color of the spray should be matched with the color of the calendar or the cover of the book to increase the artistic color.
2. Binder cards and other metal rings. The loose-leaf card metal ring is mainly used for loose-leaf booklets, photo albums, stamp albums, and other connections. Generally, metal wires of 1 to 2 mm in diameter, such as copper or iron aluminum or roads and spray plastic, are used to make various shapes of different diameters. Ring. When stapling, the eyelet of the work item that is used for binding is marked with holes, and metal rings of different wire diameters are selected and inserted into the booklet.
The use of this metal ring must pay attention to the drilling hole diameter, hole and hole spacing, must be used with the metal ring diameter, book thickness, length match, otherwise there will be unable to read or after the page is not neat, affect the processing effect , serious will cause rework waste.