Here we use this survey data to discuss several issues.
1. China's screen printing industry scale
1.1 Distribution of employees
Companies with less than 5 employees accounted for 3.6%, 5-10 with 16.0%, 10-40 with 53%, and 40-70 with 16.7%, 70 - 5.7% for companies with 100 employees and 5.0% for companies with more than 100 employees, as shown in Figure 1.
Figure 1 Distribution of employees
There are a large number of small workshops for 1-3 people, not included.
1.2 Distribution of Production Values
The proportion of enterprises with an output value of less than 200,000 yuan was 6.1%, 20-100 million yuan accounted for 44.4%, 100-300 million yuan accounted for 26.5%, and 300-1000 million yuan accounted for 16. 0%, 10-20 million yuan accounted for 4.7%, and more than 20 million yuan accounted for 2.3%. See Figure 2.
Figure 2 Distribution of Annual Output Value
The average annual output value of 257 sample units is 1.255 million yuan.
This figure is high for the following reasons.
From the collected survey samples, there are two obvious phenomena: (1) Larger companies pay more attention to industry surveys than smaller ones, have higher enthusiasm for participating in surveys, and have higher recovery rates for survey questionnaires. (2) The number of members returned by the association's member units is relatively high, while the majority of the member units are relatively large enterprises. Therefore, the average annual output value of the company is higher.
1.3 The number of screen printers in China and the total output value of the screen printing industry (including internal companies)
The number of factories is a very difficult number to count. The effective statistical method is to review the registration records of the administration of industry and commerce, but this method is not suitable for screen printing. Screen printing companies have a variety of registered names. There are generally no signs of “screen printing.†Printing companies located within the company are not registered separately, and there are still a number of family workshops that are not registered. In order to find out the total number of companies corresponding to the sampling companies, they had to make a rough estimate of the total number of screen printing factories based on the estimated number of screen printing factories in different industries. We believe that taking 20,000 factories as a sampling population is closer to reality. The annual output value of the 20,000 households (1.255 million yuan × 20 000) is about 25 billion yuan. If we estimate the number of smaller factories and workshops other than 20,000, the annual output value will be based on this basis. With an increase of one-third, an increase of about 8 billion yuan, so the national screen printing industry (pan) annual output value of about 33 billion yuan. Again, this is a rough estimate for reference only.
1.4 The phenomenon of capital concentration is obvious
The number of home-based workshops that had emerged in the coastal provinces 10 years ago has been greatly reduced. Some of them have been closed down, some have become partnerships or exclusive companies, and the other has moved to cities. For example: In the early 1990s, there were 800 screen printing workshops in Jinxiang Town, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province. Now 90% of them are no longer there, and more than 50 of them are in urban development. The annual production value is above 1 million yuan. Another example is Xiong County, Hebei Province, where there were about 3,000 small printing workshops. There are now about 300, and 300 of these survive. The annual output value can reach over 200,000 yuan. See Figure 3.
Figure 3 shows the distribution of capital
This change shows that the number of screen printing factories may be reduced, but the scale of the industry has greatly increased.
2. China Screen Printing Products Sort by Manufacturers
The top 10 products listed in Table 1 are not comprehensive and can only be used as a general reference. Some products and actual conditions have large errors. What deserves special mention is the following points.
Table 1 Sorts of various types of products in China's screen printing industry (calculated by the number of manufacturers)
No. Printing Product Type Company Ratio (%)
1 signage, panel 52.9
2 Textiles and Clothing 46.3
3 Plastics 41.3
4 Advertising Promotions 33.1
5 Printed Circuit 28.9
6 light box 27.3
7 Flag Canopy 24.0
8 plastic containers 22.3
9 Thermal Transfer Clothing 19.9
10 Molded Parts 19.0
The printing of wall tiles and floor tiles in the building material industry has been neglected and is actually an important aspect. It is estimated that there are more than 2,000 large and small tile production lines in the country. Each line has a screen printing station. Each small production line uses at least two screen printing plates each day. Each large production line uses at least 5 screen printing plates each day. It is said that there are many large production lines and small production lines are gradually being replaced by large production lines. And with the development of the western region and the process of rural urbanization, the tile production line has gained momentum. Therefore, it is estimated that the product may consume 10,000 screens each day in the country and consume 3.5 million screens annually. The average area of ​​each screen is 0.9 square meters. If the screen is used, it will consume 31.65 million screens per year. .
The development of optical discs in China has also been rapid, and it has not been able to include spot checks, and there are nearly 1,000 CD-ROM production lines in China.
The number of companies producing ceramic flower paper is not included in the top 10. This is because the production plants of ceramic flower paper are more specialized and old companies. The larger number of companies is small but the output is high. Many of the freshman's small paper mills have not been sampled. China is a large ceramic country. In addition to satisfying a large number of domestic needs, it also exports to more than 150 countries and regions. Therefore, the screen printing of ceramic flower paper plays a decisive role in China's screen printing industry.
3. China's Screen Printing Industry
China's development in modern screen printing technology is relatively late, and its technology level is still relatively low. It is at a stage of rapid popularization and rapid growth. The following survey figures can illustrate this point.
3.1 The overall mechanical equipment of the industry is poor
Judging from the status of screen printers used, among the larger groups of screen printing companies surveyed, manual and semi-automated machines are still dominant. The proportion of manufacturers using fully automatic machines is small, and they are fully automatic. Most of the aircraft are monochromatic automata for porcelain paper and packaging industry and crab multicolor automata for garment printing industry. See Table 2. Large-format multi-color screen printers are still blank across the country.
Table 2 Screen Printing Machine Usage
The number of companies owning the number of printing machines (%)
Automatic platform machine 1 6.61
2-3 Taiwan 4.13
4 or more 3.31
Semi-automatic platform machine 14.88 1
2-3 units 9.92
More than 4 14.88
Manual platform machine 1 13.22
2-3 Taiwan 18.18
More than 4 30.58
3.2 insufficient attention to scientific testing
Even in the larger screen-printing enterprise groups, there are still many companies that determine the screen tension by feeling, indicating that there is no scientific and strict quality management system. See Figure 4.
Figure 4 Usage of Tension Measurement Method
3.3 The application of digital technology has a good start, but it is still not enough
In the application of digital technology, although there has been great progress, the application of digital technology in manuscript production has reached more than 80%, but in terms of quality management, ink distribution technology and customer service, computer applications are still insufficient. See Figure 5. See Table 3 for details.
Figure 5 Application of digital technology
3.4 Environmental protection and security preparedness needs to be strengthened
About 20% of companies adopt air purification measures (purifiers and filters), 14.1% use waste water treatment companies, and less than 10% use solvent recovery companies. Companies using eye masks for safety precautions Only 16.5%. See Figure 6.
Figure 6 Taking Environmental and Security Measures
The above survey is still based on the investigation of larger companies. If there are more investigations on ubiquitous small companies and households with output value below 200,000, the situation will be more