Layout Design
Layout design refers to the full format design of the body of the book. In general. In addition to the cover, ring lining, and cover page, the preface is also included.
The total area occupied by text and graphics in each layout is called the stencil. The space above the version of the mind is called the head of the sky, and the following is called the foot, and the left and right sides are called the inner mouth and the outer mouth. The traditional Chinese typography is larger than the foot of the earth to make people use it for "browsing." Western style layout is from a visual point of view. The upper mouth is equivalent to two lower mouths. The outside mouth is equivalent to the two inner mouths, and the heart of the left and right sides are different, but the spreading heart is concentrated and linked to each other and has an overall compact feeling. At present, the domestic publications are basically in the middle of mind. The upper mouth is slightly wider than the lower mouth, and the outer mouth is wider than the inner mouth. However, some prefaces and the first page of the text leave a lot of blank space. The version is near the outside or bottom of the layout. In addition to the determination of the version, it is necessary to consider the form of binding, bookbinding, saddle stitching and bookbinding. The width of the inside should also be different. Can not be treated the same. The size of the heart is determined according to the type of book: albums, albums In order to expand the picture effect, it is advisable to take a large version of the heart and even to deal with bleeding (no space around the picture); dictionaries, dictionaries, reference books, for reference only, plus More words and legends. And should not be too thick. Therefore, the enlarged version of the heart is narrowed; on the contrary, poetry and classics should be taken from the larger side of the small version of the heart is better; illustrated books, maps can be based on composition needs. Arrange larger sections than text. You can even arrange and bleeding across pages. And to make the two sides of the expansion echo and balance. Make the layout more vivid and lively. Gives people a sense of stretch.
The layout of the text in the layout must also be ergonomic. Too long a word can bring fatigue to reading. Reduce reading speed. Therefore, generally 32 open books are typesetting. In 16 open or larger sweat water. The width of the printing plate is larger. If typesetting with No. 5 or No. 5 characters, it is advisable to shorten the length of the characters and arrange them in two columns. If it is not suitable for double columns, such as "preface", "postscript", etc. are arranged in large letters. Or reduce the version of the heart. Dictionaries, manuals, indexes, yearbooks, etc. Each paragraph is short. However, there are many sub-headings, but also need to use double-column, three-column, multi-column arrangement. The number of words per line in the column arrangement is equal. The space between the columns is empty - words or two characters. Line spacing can also be used.
illustration
An illustration is a kind of painting, but it is different from the generally independent appreciation of painting. It has relative independence and necessary reliance. Illustrations must have certain painting conditions and do not rely on text. Can also from its image itself. The theme of a certain expression, at the same time, must obey the original book and become an auxiliary. This is the meaning of the illustration.
Illustrations can be divided into two categories. One is a literary illustration. The painter expresses his interest in reading books by choosing meaningful characters, scenes, and plots in the book. This can increase the reader's interest in reading books, combining readability and visibility, deepening understanding of the original, and at the same time obtaining different The degree of beauty of enjoyment. The other is technology and history books. This type of illustration helps the reader to further understand the content of the knowledge in order to achieve the effect that the text is difficult to express. Its image language strives to be accurate, practical, and able to explain the problem. A photo of an apple can help us to see the very objective shape, color, structure and texture. The illustration of a seed not only reproduces its shape and structure, but also reflects its germination in the soil.
Literary illustrations can be said to be typical of artistic illustrations. Includes head, tail, single-page illustrations and text illustrations. Its manifestations are varied: ink paintings, ink paintings, oil paintings, drawings, prints (woodcuts, lithographs, etchings, screen paintings), gouache, watercolors, cartoons, and so on. There is realism. It is also decorative. The first step in illustration creation is the understanding of the original work. Not only to understand the specific content and requirements, to understand the theme of the original work, but also through in-depth reading of the original, to find out whether the original is Chinese literature, or foreign literature? Is it classical or children's literature? Is a novel, prose, poetry. Still a fairy tale, fable, joke? The style of the original book is rough and bold, delicate and rigorous, or warm and lively, pure and deep? The historical era, characters, costumes, daily customs, and built environment described in the original book. And through deeper understanding of visual image data, because literature is the art of language, and art is a visual art, there is no life experience described in literature, it is difficult to reflect the literary content on the screen. Only consult relevant information, such as paintings, sculptures, architecture, handicrafts with similar nationalities and ages. And a variety of cultural relics data analysis, the various feelings linked to a comprehensive study to find out the law, based on this, according to the original requirements of the tone of the work determined throughout the frame. In this way, the image in the book, the image in the material, and his own imagination, have a bottom in his mind, can show in-depth, not to the concept, but also a method of personal accumulation and continuous improvement, to play for the future creation Based on this step, the original book must be refined to find the content of the playable narration. The length of the original literary work is long, the illustrations are not comic-style, and only a few of the illustrations are arranged in a book. This requires us to grasp the theme of the episode of a piece of text through an illustration, which will be most typical. The content of the text and the plot suitable for the performance of the painting behave. This kind of illustration does not stop at the cultural map, but has to be re-created so that it has the artistic personality. At the same time, it must also be detailed and meticulous, so that readers can enjoy the art from it. Can feel the specific life image again. Chen Laolian's “Viewing the Jane†map, choosing to take the drive to hide at the end of the screen to read the letter, from the depths of the heart of the joy, the matchmaker secretly from the other end of the screen to see, her finger on the lip, light is clever Demeanor, to live out the girl's smart and lively image. The screen processing is extremely concise, with a wonderful screen to show the environment of the mortuary. The flowers and birds' paintings above, whether it is the flying butterfly, or the whispering birds, are all clever with the good wishes of the camp. This truth is vividly illustrated.
It is precisely because of the illustration that many illustrations are required to be presented. Some illustrations use a method of incorporating different times and places into one painting; realistic illustrations use montage techniques; decorative illustrations are not subject to perspective, proportion, etc. The restrictions of the conditions are more organized according to the concept. The Chinese traditional paintings and folk paintings adopt this method.
The illustrations are rich in performance. They are also divided into two categories: realistic and decorative. Each country's illustrations have their own style. Even if the same country, the same kind of literary works, because of the art of the illustrators, the understanding of the original is different. The use of different angles, different content, different forms of the picture to express. As an illustrator, in the face of books with different content and subject matter, it is necessary to carefully study the thinking and find appropriate tactics to express, instead of treating them in a stereotyped manner. Huang Yongyu's illustration "Ashima" not only focused on and truly represented the joy and happiness of the master, labor and heroism, difficulties and encounters, but also had a thoughtful and ingenious expression of the rhythm, mood and style of poetry. The whole set of illustrations is full of rhythmic composition, smooth lines, simple and elegant colors, a variety of cuttings and decorative flavors. But the illustrations he made for "Ye Shengtao's Fairy Tales" and "Feng Xuefeng's Fables" were based on different styles of the original book, but also used different methods of expression. In the illustration of "Ye Shengtao's Fairy Tales," the painter's understanding of fairy tales and the familiarity of children's appreciation demands that the artist's exaggerations and imaginations should be more fully used to satisfy children's interest in novelty, strongness, childlikeness, and personification. One by one full of personified animals appear vividly in front of the small readers.
The illustrations of a book are not just one piece, so the relationship between illustrations and illustrations is also an overall relationship problem. The headline used for the opening of the article, the tails used for the closing, and the illustrations in the middle of the text must deal with the relationship between words and space. The whole set of illustrations must be conceptualized with an overall design arrangement. Covers, ring linings, end-to-end illustrations, and decorative motifs are to be incorporated throughout the book's subject matter and to achieve harmony in the book “framework†group of “buildingsâ€. Perfect, let readers get full spiritual enjoyment during the tour.
Source: Fuyang Teachers College