Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing Chonggao Nanotechnology Co., Ltd.
Dr. Li Bizhong
Room 2407, Kefang Building, Beijing Chemical Industry Research Institute, West Gate of Tsinghua University, Haidian District, Beijing, 100084
TEL / 62552532/62636656
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I. Introduction
Anti-bacterial and deodorant functional textiles can kill or inhibit microorganisms such as bacteria in contact with it, thereby playing a hygienic and deodorizing effect. It refers to functional textiles obtained through the application of spinning to obtain antibacterial fibers or ordinary textiles after finishing.
Nowadays, living standards are gradually improved, the comfort and hygiene of taking textiles directly affects people's quality of life. Endowing antibacterial and deodorizing functions is an important means to upgrade the performance of textiles. Taking antibacterial properties of textiles also has great practical value in military affairs. In the Second World War, the German army equipped antibacterially processed military uniforms to reduce the bacterial infection of the wounded.
In the 1960s, sanitary fabrics after antibacterial finishing started civilian use. Antibacterial finishing usually uses organic antibacterial agents, and early use of poorly safe organic tin and chlorophenol and other strong antibacterial chemicals. After the mid-1980s, quaternary amine salt antibacterial finishing agents were mostly used [1-2]. In recent years, inorganic antibacterial agents have also been developed and applied in the finishing technology [3]. So far, for textiles made of pure natural fibers, the finishing method is almost the only technology to solve the antibacterial function. However, the antibacterial finishing technology is not good enough in terms of washing resistance (that is, long-term durability).
Antibacterial and deodorant fiber is a new technology after finishing antibacterial and deodorant. It was developed internationally in the 1980s. It is usually to add antibacterial agents to chemical fibers in a blended modification to produce persistent antibacterial fibers. Compared with the antibacterial and deodorant post-treatment technology, the antibacterial and deodorant fiber has good deodorizing effect and durability, the fiber does not attach resin, and the fabric process is simple and the feel is good. However, this method has high technical content and great difficulty, especially high requirements for antibacterial agents [4]. The manufacturing process of chemical fiber can be divided into wet method and melting method. Although both methods can be used to obtain antibacterial fiber by blending method, the key technology is obviously different. The wet method (such as rayon, acrylic) must solve the compatibility problem of antibacterial agent and spinning solution, and the melting method (such as polyester, nylon, polypropylene) must also consider the high temperature resistance of the antibacterial agent, which is the most difficult.
The results of many years of research at home and abroad show that organic antibacterial deodorants are not resistant to high temperatures and are difficult to use for melt spinning. Inorganic antibacterial agents are generally valued in this application for their unique high temperature resistance, such as the antibacterial zeolite represented by Japan Bell Textile. In addition, there are types of inorganic antibacterial agents such as glass, ceramics, and oxides. They mainly achieve the antibacterial and deodorizing effect through the antibacterial effect of the metal ions contained in silver, copper, zinc and the like.
In this study, a new type of nano-level inorganic antibacterial agent was blended with polyester and polypropylene resins to obtain antibacterial polyester and antibacterial polypropylene, and then antibacterial fabrics and antibacterial textiles were obtained, and the evaluation results of antibacterial and usability of fibers were obtained.
Second, the test
1. Material nano-antibacterial agent: a combination of silica and titanium dioxide containing 3% silver, with an average particle size of 30nm.
Spinning grade resin chips: superfine denier polypropylene chips, polyester resin chips made in Beijing, made in Beijing
2. The spinning method adopts the masterbatch addition method to produce the melt-spun antibacterial fiber, and the masterbatch addition ratio is 4-8% of the base material.
2.1 Antimicrobial fiber masterbatch: this laboratory and pilot production base 2.2 Textile: Beijing Textile Institute Spinning Laboratory 2.3 pilot production:
Polyester filament: Beijing Polyester Test Factory Polyester Staple: Beijing No. 2 Printing and Dyeing Plant Chemical Fiber Branch Polypropylene Staple Fiber: Liaoyang Petrochemical Company Chemical Fiber Factory, Zibo Chemical Fiber Factory Blended Spinning: Beijing Cotton Group Second Cotton Spinning Plant Dyeing and Finishing: Beijing Second Printing and Dyeing Factory Printing and Dyeing Branch Factory Weaving: Chengde Silk Factory Knitting: Beijing Tongniu Group
3. Washing resistance test The washing resistance test is carried out by Beijing Cotton Textile Technical Quality Supervision and Inspection Station in accordance with GB / T 8629-2001 "Textiles-Household Washing and Drying Procedures for Testing".
4. Antibacterial test The antibacterial test was completed by the antibacterial laboratory of Beijing Lofty Nanotechnology Corporation, the antibacterial laboratory of the National Engineering Research Center for Engineering Plastics, and the Environmental Microbiology Laboratory of the Institute of Environmental and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Preventive Medicine.
Methods The "vibration flask method" in "Technical Specifications for Identification and Monitoring of Disinfection Products" issued by the Ministry of Health in November 1999 was used.
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